Homeland Security and Export Controls

The Committee on Homeland Security and Export Controls will conduct a study and prepare a report on the impact of export controls on the DHS mission to strengthen the U.S. security envelope abroad. The committee will examine the current impact of export controls on the research, development and eventual foreign deployment of S&T Directorate programs, and will also assess the effectiveness of factoring export controls into programmatic decision-making within DHS. The committee will review the Department's role in the export control interagency process. The committee will make recommendations in two areas: (1) how to factor export control policies into programmatic decision-making within the S&T Directorate; and (2) whether and if so, how to modify DHS' role in the export control interagency process.

Committee Members

William Schneider
(Co-Chair)
International Planning Services, Inc.

Mitch Wallerstein
(Co-Chair)
Syracuse University

Rich Barth
Booz Allen Hamilton

Larry Christensen
Miller & Chevalier Chartered

Vincent DeCain
DeCain Group

Carol Fuchs
General Electric

G. Christopher Griner
Kaye Scholer LLP

Carol Kessler
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Martha Krebs
California Energy Commission

Kathryn Sullivan
National Science Foundation

William Toby
Harvard University

Christopher Wall
Pillsbury Winthrop Shaw Pittman LLP

Committee Member Bios

WILLIAM SCHNEIDER, JR. is President of International Planning Services, Inc., a Washington-based international trade and finance advisory firm, and is an Adjunct Fellow of the Hudson Institute. He was formerly Under Secretary of State for Security Assistance, Science and Technology (1982-1986). He served as Associate Director for National Security and International Affairs at the Office of Management and Budget (1981-2) prior to being nominated as Under Secretary by the President. In addition, Dr. Schneider serves as an advisor to the U.S. government in several capacities. He currently serves as Chairman of the Department of State's Defense Trade Advisory Group, and is a Member of its Arms Control and Non-Proliferation Advisory Board. He previously served as Chairman of the President's General Advisory Committee on Arms Control and Disarmament from 1987 to 1993, and the Defense Science Board from 2001-2009.

He is an economist and defense analyst and was formerly a Staff Associate of the Subcommittees on Defense and Foreign Operations of the Committee on Appropriations in the U.S. House of Representatives and a consultant to the Hudson Institute (New York). Prior to joining the House of Representatives staff in 1977, he was a U.S. Senate staff member (1971-7) and a professional staff member of the Hudson Institute (1967-71).

Dr. Schneider received his Ph.D. degree from New York University in 1968. He is a member of the American Economic Association, the Econometric Society, the Council on Foreign Relations, and the International Institute for Strategic Studies.

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MITCHEL WALLERSTEIN serves as dean of the Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs at Syracuse University. The Maxwell School is renowned for graduate professional education in public administration and international relations, and is ranked by U.S. News & World Report as the top graduate school of public affairs. Before joining Maxwell, Wallerstein served for five years as vice president of the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, one of the world’s 10 largest philanthropic organizations where he directed the foundation’s international grant-making division.

Dr. Wallerstein previously, from 1993 -1997, served as Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Counterproliferation Policy, the first presidential appointee in this position, and Senior Defense Representative for Trade Security Policy. During his tenure in the Department of Defense, Mr. Wallerstein helped found and co-chaired the Senior Defense Group on Proliferation at NATO, and was twice awarded the Secretary of Defense Medal for Outstanding Public Service.

Prior to his service in the U.S. government, Dr. Wallerstein was the deputy executive officer of the National Research Council (NRC) of the National Academies of Sciences and Engineering, a not-for-profit that undertakes policy studies for and provides advice to the executive branch and Congress. Dr. Wallerstein has taught at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Holy Cross College, George Washington University; the School of Foreign Service at Georgetown University; and at the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies at the Johns Hopkins University, and was Distingushed Research Professor at the National Defense University. Michael Wallerstein in an elected memener for the Council on Foreign Relations and the International Institutre for Straregic Studies, and a fellow of the National Academy of Public Administrators.

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RICHARD C. BARTH joined Booz Allen Hamilton in November, 2009, as a Principal with responsibilities in the security and especially cybersecurity policy arenas. Based on his expertise in communications, emergency preparedness, cybersecurity policy and counterterrorism, among other areas within the scope of his previous jobs, Dr. Barth will continue to contribute to national security policy working in close collaboration with key stakeholders in the United States Government.
In his last government position, Dr. Barth was acting Assistant Secretary for Policy at Homeland Security at Secretary Janet Napolitano’s request. His previous appointment by Secretary Chertoff was to the post of Assistant Secretary for Policy Development. In that position he was responsible for the full breadth of policy development within the Department of Homeland Security and was a key representative of the Department to interagency policy decision making led by the White House. Prior to that appointment, he was Corporate Vice President and Director, Homeland Security Strategy for Motorola’s Washington, DC office. In that position, Dr. Barth developed and maintained relationships with key federal, state and local government executive and legislative branch officials to facilitate Motorola’s businesses worldwide. He managed a team that dealt primarily with first responder (public safety) communications issues, as well as other spectrum and telecommunication regulatory policies.
Before joining Motorola, Dr. Barth handled international trade and high tech export control issues at the White House National Security Council under both President’s Bush and Clinton. Prior to that, he worked for the Treasury and Commerce Departments in various trade and technology related positions. Dr. Barth has a Ph.D. in inorganic chemistry from the University of Maryland and an A.B. degree from Franklin and Marshall College.

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LARRY CHRISTENSEN concentrates on export controls, sanctions, and embargoes under the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR), Export Administration Regulations (EAR), and various regulations issued by the Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC). He focuses on the pre-acquisition due diligence, Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS) reviews of foreign direct investment, and the defense of enforcement cases, as well as compliance processes, assessments, and audits.

Mr. Christensen counsels firms on the development of compliance strategies, process assessments and audits, and assists firms facing governmental administrative audits and criminal investigations. He has advised corporations on the most challenging substantive areas of export controls, such as commodity jurisdiction, the outer limits of U.S. re-export rules, encryption, and OFAC restrictions on facilitation. In addition, he has substantial technical and classification experience in industries such as seismic, oil and gas, aerospace, night vision, navigation, special metals, information technology, telecommunications, machine tools, sensing devices, accelerometers, chemicals, and bio toxins. He has experience in technology transfer in avionics, gas turbine engines, missile development, telecommunications, computers, and chemicals. Mr. Christensen served in the U.S. Department of Commerce for 11 years in the Office of Chief Counsel of Export Administration and as Director of the Regulatory Policy Division. In that role, he headed the complete redrafting of the EAR from 1995 to 1996, the first such rewrite since 1949. He also authored the deemed export rule and coordinated the policy support for the rule prior to its publication. He drafted all Export Administration Act proposed legislation for the Reagan, George H.W. Bush, and first Clinton administrations. Since 1979, he has counseled clients on ITAR. During his years at Commerce, Mr. Christensen was primarily responsible for the regulatory and interagency issues surrounding the State Department scope of jurisdiction under the ITAR and, on behalf of Commerce, negotiated with the State Department on the current standards for commodity jurisdiction under the ITAR. Since leaving Commerce in 1997, Mr. Christensen has dedicated more than half of his time to ITAR matters. While Vice President of Export Controls for JPMorgan Chase Vastera from 1997 to 2007, he trained and supervised consultants and managed services employees that performed more than 10,000 self-determinations, more than 80,000 classifications, and more than 100 export compliance assessments. Mr. Christensen is the author of the EAR provisions regarding publicly available treatment, including the provisions regarding the scope of the academic exclusion under EAR. He co-authored the “Know Your Customer” Guidance and “Red Flags Under the EAR.” In addition, he led the U.S. delegation at the Coordinating Committee for Multilateral Export Controls in connection with the drafting of the General Technology Note. In multilateral control negotiations, he represented the U.S. in China and at the multilateral national security regime. Mr. Christensen is familiar with the export laws of many countries. He served on the team that trained the Government of Singapore before it implemented its export control laws. He has testified before the U.S. Senate and House of Representatives regarding export control legislative developments.

He trains on all U.S. export control and sanctions topics and has lectured on export controls in China, Brazil, Argentina, Singapore, Finland, Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States. He is a frequent speaker for the Practicing Law Institute and the American Conference Institute. Mr. Christensen was also a speaker during the China seminars sponsored by the U.S. Department of Commerce.

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VINCENT F. DeCAIN is the Managing Director of the DeCain Group which serves private and public sector clients in such areas as defense trade, weapons technology, dual use licensing, intellectual property, and technology transfer. Previously, he was Principal Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for International Technology Security (ITS). In this position, he was responsible for assisting and advising the Under Secretary in matters pertaining to international technology cooperation and security, arms transfers, commercial sales of defense and dual use technology, export control processes, and for facilitating strategically important transfers to our closest allies while protecting American technological superiority. While at ITS, Mr. DeCain was appointed Director of the Militarily Critical Technologies Program (MCTP). He also served as the Under Secretary's Point of Contact for High Performance Computers and was designated Chair of the US-French Work Group on defense trade cooperation.

His achievements at DoD included a) Development of the FBI Program to protect DoD's Critical National Assets, b) Creation of the US/Japan joint evaluation of Chinese weapons making capabilities, and c) a leading role in development of the DoD Research and Development Protection Directive. Prior to this appointment in 2002, Mr. DeCain served in various national security and foreign policy positions over the course of twenty years, including three key Deputy Assistant Secretary positions in ACDA, the Department of State, and the Department of Commerce. During this period, Mr. DeCain held positions as Deputy Assistant Director for Non-proliferation Policy, Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, as well as Deputy Assistant Secretary for Political-Military Affairs in the State Department where he was in charge of international technology transfer and defense trade, as well as negotiations for commercial technology and arms trade policy. Prior to that, as the Deputy Assistant Secretary for Export Administration in the Department of Commerce, Mr. DeCain was responsible for policy, regulation, and licensing of dual use commercial technology trade, taking into consideration the effect on foreign policy, non-proliferation, and national security, and domestic shortages.

Mr. DeCain received his B.S. from John Carroll University, his J.D. from Fordham University, and his LL.M from New York University. He is also a graduate of the Army Intelligence School and served as a Special Agent in the US Army Counter Intelligence Corps.

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CAROL FUCHS has served for the past five years as Tyco’s International Trade Counsel, responsible for managing Tyco’s worldwide import/export compliance program. Tyco is a major importer and exporter, with over 100,000 employees and activities in over 100 countries. Ms. Fuchs provides guidance to senior business managers on a broad array of trade matters, including the development of documented compliance programs for business units and facilities worldwide.

Previously, Ms. Fuchs was Government Relations Counsel in the DC office of KMZ Rosenman. Before joining KMZ Rosenman, Ms. Fuchs was Vice President and Director, Global Trade Compliance, at Motorola where she managed Motorola’s trade compliance programs worldwide. At Motorola, she received the Office of General Counsel Award for Professional Excellence. Previously, Ms. Fuchs served as legal counsel to the Defense Fuel Supply Center, where she was awarded the Meritorious Civilian Service Award.

Ms. Fuchs completed two terms serving on the U.S. Commercial Operations Advisory Committee (COAC), a committee actively advising high-level government officials (Treasury and Department of Homeland Security) on customs issues and new trade programs. She previously served on the American Association of Exporters and Importers (AAEI) Board of Directors and Executive Committee. She currently serves on the Board of Directors of the National Council for International Trade Development (NCITD). She is a frequent public speaker at events sponsored by AAEI, the American Bar Association (ABA), Symposium of the Americas, National Customs Brokers and Freight Forwarders Association (NCBFFA), Joint Industry Group (JIG), American Conference Institute (ACI), Society for International Affairs (SIA) and the World Customs Organization (WCO).

She graduated cum laude from Carleton College (mathematics) and received her law degree, also cum laude, from Georgetown University. She is a member of the bar in the District of Columbia, California and Arizona.

In July 2009, Ms. Fuchs joined General Electric as Counsel for International Trade Regulation.

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C. CHRISTOPHER GRINER is the Chair of the National Security/CFIUS practice group and Managing Partner of Kaye Scholer’s Washington, DC office. He is a recognized leader in the field of national security and played a key role in the development of the Foreign Ownership, Control or Influence (“FOCI”) mitigation arrangements used by the federal government today. He has been named a leading lawyer by both Chambers USA: America’s Leading Lawyers for Business and Chambers Global: The World’s Leading Lawyers for Business, as “one of the most recognized names in the area of security clearance,” “level-headed and practical” and a “go-to lawyer to get deals done.” Mr. Griner is often quoted in prominent publications including, American Law Daily, The Daily Deal, and The Financial Times.

Mr. Griner counsels and represents foreign and domestic clients regarding international transactions involving national security and other national security approval issues. He has significant experience representing clients before the intelligence community and the departments of Defense, Energy, and State in relation to industrial security and export compliance regulations, and in Exon-Florio reviews before the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (“CFIUS”). Mr. Griner counsels clients on proposed acquisitions, and mitigation arrangements for foreign-owned defense and national security contractors. He has represented numerous foreign and domestic companies in corporate reorganizations, acquisitions and joint ventures that impact national security, or that otherwise involve sensitive technologies or classified activities. Prior to joining Kaye Scholer, Mr. Griner served as attorney advisor, Office of the General Counsel, Department of Defense.

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CAROL E. KESSLER is the Director of the Pacific Northwest Center for Global Security at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), which is owned and operated by Battelle Memorial Institute. The Center conducts international security policy projects informed by the science and technology expertise of the Lab. The Center concentrates on three areas of global security: nonproliferation, Asia security and human security. Kessler’s research has focused on nuclear nonproliferation projects for the U.S. National Nuclear Security Administration primarily concerning infrastructure development for emerging new nuclear countries and on industry-government relations on nonproliferation. Her other research focus is on Asia energy security and cooperation, including a multi-year effort with the University of Washington to create a mechanism for energy cooperation in Northeast Asia to increase regional security. She supports PNNL’s efforts to develop clean energy projects with China. Kessler is also working with a multi-agency, NGO, and university team to develop a strategy for improving maternal and child health in post-conflict societies.

Prior to 2003, Ms. Kessler was the Deputy Director General of the Nuclear Energy Agency at the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development in Paris, France from 2001-2003. The focus of her work was personnel administration, nuclear safety and waste management and budgetary matters for the Agency. The bulk of her career was spent at the U.S. Department of State, where her primary position was as Senior Coordinator for Nuclear Safety. Ms. Kessler led the U.S. efforts in the G-7 Nuclear Safety Working Group to improve the safety of Soviet-designed nuclear plants and to close those which could not meet international standards. From 1997-2000, Ms. Kessler led U.S. and international efforts to close the last reactor at Chornobyl by the end of 2000.

Ms. Kessler has a B.A. from Brown University in Bio-geology, an M.S. from the Massachusetts Institute for Technology in Technology and Policy and an M.S. in National Security Studies from the U.S. National War College. Ms. Kessler is currently serving on the Boards of the Pacific Science Center, the Foundation of Russian-American Economic Cooperation and Uplift International. She is the co-head of the Women in International Security, Pacific Northwest Chapter.

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MARTHA A. KREBS  is Executive Director for Energy and Environmental Research Development at the University of California at Davis. She is responsible for working with faculty and staff to leverage and expand the energy and environmental research programs at UC Davis through partnerships with Federal, State and private entities. She also serves as Science Advisor for the California Energy Commission. Prior to joining UC Davis, she was Deputy Director for R&D at the California Energy Commission and responsible for the Public Interest Energy Research (PIER) program, which conducts research that seeks to improve the quality of life for California citizens by developing environmentally sound, reliable and affordable energy technologies.Before coming to the Energy Commission, she was President of Science Strategies, an analysis and consulting firm that works with public and private organizations to identify critical issues and opportunities in science and technology.

Prior to establishing Science Strategies, she was an Associate Vice Chancellor for Research at the University of California at Los Angeles. She came to UCLA as the founding Institute Director of the California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), where she was responsible for establishing the initial leadership, strategic direction and administration of the Institute. The Institute is focused on the understanding and design of nanostructures and their integration into complex systems with new properties beyond those already found in nature. Earlier, Dr. Krebs was a senior Fellow at the Institute for Defense Analysis, where she led studies in R&D management, planning and budgeting.

From 1993 to 2000, Dr. Krebs served as Assistant Secretary and Director of the Office of Science at the Department of Energy, responsible for the $3.5 billion basic research program that underlay the Department’s energy, environmental and national security missions. During her tenure, she built international collaborations in particle physics, strengthened interagency collaborations for human genome sequencing, synchrotron radiation and global climate research, and oversaw the advocacy and successful construction of eight major scientific user facilities. She served on the National Science and Technology Council’s Interagency Committee on Science and its Committee on the Environment.

From 1983-1993, she served as an Associate Director for Planning and Development at the DOE’s Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, where she was responsible for strategic planning for research and facilities, Laboratory technology transfer, and science education and outreach. From 1977-1983, she served on the House Committee on Science first as a Professional Staff Member and then as Subcommittee Staff Director, responsible for authorizing DOE non-nuclear energy technologies and energy science programs.

She received her Bachelor’s degree and Ph.D. in Physics from the Catholic University of America. She is a member of Phi Beta Kappa, a Fellow of the American Physical Society, a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and a Fellow of the Association of Women in Science. She is a member of the National Research Council’s Board on Energy and Environmental Systems and its Board on Chemical Science and Technology. She is also a Trustee of the Institute for Defense Analyses. 

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DEANNE C. SIEMER is a Managing Director of Wilsie Co. LLC. Ms. Siemer has practiced law in Washington in both the public and private sectors. She served as General Counsel of the Department of Defense, Special Assistant to the Secretary of Energy, and Special Counsel to the President. She supervised a team of lawyers and support personnel at the First Marianas Constitutional Convention in 1976, coauthored a law review analysis of the Marianas Constitution, and served as counsel to the Third Marianas Constitutional Convention in 1995. She is a member of the American Law Institute and serves on the Board of Trustees of the National Institute for Trial Advocacy.

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KATHRYN SULLIVAN joined the Office of Integrative Activities (OIA) in the Office of the National Science Foundation Director as a senior advisor in July 2008. Prior to then, she served as the Deputy Director of NSF's Office of International Science and Engineering. In her current capacity, Ms. Sullivan coordinates OIA's budget development, strategic outreach initiatives and select administrative functions as well as provides support to the Office of the Director on NSF cross-cutting policy and procedural issues. Additionally, Ms. Sullivan serves as the Executive Secretary to the National Science Board's Committee on Education and Human Resources.

Prior to working at NSF, Ms. Sullivan served in a number of positions focusing on international science, engineering and technology policy and programs within the U.S government including: Special Assistant for International Affairs in the Office of the Vice President, Senior Analyst in the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy, Program Director of International Affairs in the Deputy Secretary of Commerce's Office of Space Commerce, and Assistant for Non-Proliferation to the Assistant Secretary in the Commerce Department's Bureau of Export Administration.

Ms. Sullivan established NASA's Japan Office and served as the first NASA Representative at the U.S. Embassy in Tokyo. She holds a master's degree from the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy and a bachelor's from Wellesley College.

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WILLIAM TOBEY is a Senior Fellow at the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, Kennedy School of Government at Havard University. Mr. Tobey was most recently Deputy Administrator for Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation at the National Nuclear Security Administration. There, he managed the U.S. government’s largest program to prevent nuclear proliferation and terrorism by detecting, securing, and disposing of dangerous nuclear material. Mr. Tobey also served on the National Security Council Staff in three administrations, in defense policy, arms control, and counter-proliferation positions. He has participated in international negotiations ranging from the START talks with the Soviet Union, to the Six Party Talks with North Korea. He also has extensive experience in investment banking and venture capital.

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CHRISTOPHER WALL is the senior international trade partner at Pillsbury Winthrop Shaw Pittman LLP. His practice focuses on export controls, foreign investment, international trade proceedings and policy. He advises clients on commercial and military export licensing and enforcement matters; economic sanctions; national security reviews; anti-boycott compliance and enforcement; the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act; import relief proceedings; Court of International Trade appeals; complex Customs matters; bilateral investment treaties; NAFTA and WTO dispute resolution; and other trade policy and legislative matters. Mr. Wall served as Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Export Administration during 2008 – 2009. He works with U.S. government agencies including the Department of Commerce, Department of State, Department of Defense and the Treasury Department, the Committee on Foreign Investment in the U.S., the U.S. International Trade Commission, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, and the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative. Mr. Wall is a member of the American Bar Association and in the past has held a number of positions, including Chair of the Special Advisory Committee on International Activities, Vice Chair of the Section of International Law and Practice, and Co-Chair of the International Litigation Committee of the Section of Litigation. He has served as a member of the Advisory Board of the Central and East European Law Initiative and has organized and given presentations at numerous ABA meetings. Mr. Wall serves on the Executive Committee of the U.S. Council for International Business. He chaired the Swedish-American Chamber of Commerce, Washington, D.C. for five years. He has also served on the Board of Directors of the Swedish-American Chamber of Commerce USA, Inc. and has chaired the Trade and Investment Advisory Committee of the British American Business Council. He serves as legal counsel to St. John's Church, Lafayette Square. Mr. Wall is a frequent lecturer at both domestic and international conferences and has testified as an expert witness before Congress on foreign investment. Mr. Wall is member of the Council on Foreign Relations. Mr. Wall received undergraduate degrees from Yale University and Oxford University and his J.D. from the University of Virginia Law School. He is a member of the bars of the District of Columbia and New York, as well as the Court of International Trade and the Court.

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