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Information Technology Reports and Report Summaries 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004  | Improving State Voter Registration Databases Final Report (CSTB) Released 10.18.09 Improving State Voter Registration Databases outlines several actions that are needed to help make voter registration databases capable of sharing information within state agencies and across state lines. These include short-term changes to improve education, dissemination of information, and administrative processes, and long-term changes to make improvements in data collection and entry, matching procedures, and ensure privacy and security.
|  | Released 04.29.09 The United States is increasingly dependent on information and information technology for both civilian and military purposes, as are many other nations. Although there is a substantial literature on the potential impact of a cyberattack on the societal infrastructure of the United States, little has been written about the use of cyberattack as an instrument of U.S. policy. Cyberattacks- -actions intended to damage or adversary computer systems or networks--can be used for a variety of military purposes. But they also have application to certain missions of the intelligence community, such as covert action. They may be useful for certain domestic law enforcement purposes, and some analysts believe that they might be useful for certain private sector entities who are themselves under cyberattack. This report considers all of these applications from an integrated perspective that ties together technology, policy, legal, and ethical issues. Focusing on the use of cyberattack as an instrument of U.S. national policy, Technology, Policy, Law and Ethics Regarding U.S. Acquisition and Use of Cyberattack Capabilities explores important characteristics of cyberattack. It describes the current international and domestic legal structure as it might apply to cyberattack, and considers analogies to other domains of conflict to develop relevant insights. Of special interest to the military, intelligence, law enforcement, and homeland security communities, this report is also an essential point of departure for nongovernmental researchers interested in this rarely discussed topic. |  | Assessing the Impacts of Changes in the Information Technology R&D Ecosystem: Retaining Leadership in an Increasingly Global Environment (CSTB) Released 01.23.09 An information technology (IT) R&D ecosystem of academic, industry, government performers has fueled the sustained development of IT over the past several decades that has contributed enormously to the U.S. economy. Concern has been growing, however, that this ecosystem is at risk. If so, the consequences for the country could be severe. To address these concerns, the NRC was asked by the NSF to assess the impacts of changes in the IT R&D ecosystem. This report provides a definition of the IT R&D ecosystem; an analysis of IT as an essential enabler for the information society; a review of the changing IT R&D ecosystem landscape from 1995 to 2007; an examination of a globalized, dynamic IT R&D ecosystem; and a series of findings and recommendations to enable a strong IT R&D ecosystem in the United States. |  | Computational Technology for Effective Health Care: Immediate Steps and Strategic Directions (CSTB) Released 01.29.09 Modern health care is an information- and knowledge-intensive enterprise. As such, an improved 21st century vision of health care will require information technology (IT) to acquire, manage, analyze, and disseminate health care information and knowledge. Two basic challenges exist: using the best technology available to deploy systems in the short term and identification of the gaps between the best of today’s technology and what is ultimately needed to improve health care. To help create a more productive healthcare IT system, the National Library of Medicine asked the NRC to conduct a study to help understand how the computer science research community can help meet both of these challenges. The report presents an overview of health care in the United States; a vision for 21st Century health care and wellness; an assessment of the current gaps in the implementation of healthcare IT; a set of principles for success; an overview of research challenges; and the recommendations for the various participants to achieve a successful healthcare IT environment. |
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