University IP

Project Scope

An ad hoc committee under the auspices of the Board on Science, Technology, and Economic Policy and the Committee on Science, Technology, and Law will conduct a consensus study distilling lessons from research and experience since the Bayh-Dole Act of 1980 for the acquisition, licensing, defense, and sale of intellectual property arising from publicly and privately sponsored research at U.S. academic institutions. The project will involve commissioning papers synthesizing existing research, commissioning a survey of research sponsors, university officials, and licensees, holding a national conference, evaluating the various objectives of technology transfer, and recommending best practices for research institutions and research sponsors. Those practices will take into account significant differences in the role of intellectual property in different fields of technology, differences in the constraints on and resources of universities, objectives of different research sponsors, and differences among potential commercial licensees of university-owned intellectual property. The incentives that influence the behavior of researchers, administrators, and public policy makers will be examined and related to public goods. The approximate start date for the project is June 1, 2007. The report will be issued at the end of the project in approximately 20 months.

Members

Dr. Mark S. Wrighton - (Chair)
Washington University

Mark S. Wrighton is chancellor and professor of chemistry at Washington University in St. Louis. Prior to moving to Washington University in 1995, he was a member of the faculty at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) beginning in 1972. He was head of the Department of Chemistry at MIT from 1987 until 1990 when he was appointed provost. Dr. Wrighton was elected a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1988 and of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 1986. In 2001, he was elected to membership in the American Philosophical Society. Dr. Wrighton was a presidential appointee to the National Science Board (NSB) from 2000 to 2006, which serves as science policy advisor to the president and congress and is the primary advisory board to the National Science Foundation. While on the NSB, he chaired the Audit and Oversight Committee. He is co-author of the book entitled Organometallic Photochemistry and served as editor for the Physical Electrochemistry Division for the Journal of the Electro Chemical Society for three years. He served on the editorial advisory boards of Inorganic Chemistry, Chemical and Engineering News, Journal of Molecular Electronics, Chemtronics, Chemistry Materials, Inorganica Chimica Acta, and the Journal of Physical Chemistry and he was consulting editor for the textbook General Chemistry (1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th editions). Dr. Wrighton holds a Ph.D. degree in chemistry from the California Institute of Technology

Dr. Mark C. Fishman - (Vice Chair)
Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Inc.

Mark C. Fishman (IOM) is president of the Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research (NIBR) and a member its executive committee, a position he assumed in May 2002. From the NIBR headquarters in Cambridge, Massachusetts, he leads worldwide drug discovery research activities in Europe, the US, Japan and China. Prior to joining Novartis, Dr. Fishman was Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School and Chief of Cardiology at the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH). He was also the founding Director of the Cardiovascular Research Center of the MGH. He continues to serve as a Consultant in Medicine at the MGH. As a clinician and scientist, Dr. Fishman is pre-eminent in the fields of genetic and molecular cardiology, with a principal focus on embryonic heart development. He is best known for his studies in developmental genetics, in particular his role in introducing the zebrafish as a model for gene discovery. Dr. Fishman serves on several editorial boards and has worked with national policy and scientific committees, including those of the National Institutes of Health and the Wellcome Trust. He has been honored with many awards and distinguished lectureships, and is a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and a member of the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies, US. A graduate of Yale College and Harvard Medical School, he completed his Internal Medicine residency, Chief Residency, and Cardiology training at the MGH

Dr. Marshall C. Phelps, Jr.
Microsoft Corporation

Marshall Phelps, Jr. is Microsoft Corporation's vice president for Intellectual Property Policy and Strategy and is responsible for setting the global IP strategies and policies the company. In addition, Dr. Phelps interfaces with governments, other companies in the technology industry, and outside institutions to broaden awareness of intellectual property issues. Before transitioning to his current position in 2006, he served as the deputy general counsel for intellectual property in Microsoft’s Legal & Corporate Affairs group, where he supervised Microsoft's intellectual property groups, including those responsible for trademarks, trade secrets, patents, licensing, standards and copyrights. He oversaw the company's management of its intellectual property portfolio, which comprises some 13,000 patents issued and more than 12,000 trademark registrations worldwide.

Dr. Phelps joined Microsoft in June 2003 after a 28-year career at IBM Corp., where he served as vice president for intellectual property and licensing. Phelps was instrumental in IBM's standards, telecommunications policy, industry relations, patent licensing program and intellectual property portfolio development. Also, Phelps helped establish IBM's Asia Pacific headquarters in Tokyo and served as the company's director of government relations in Washington, D.C. Upon retiring from IBM in 2000, he spent two years as chairman and chief executive officer of Spencer Trask Intellectual Capital Company LLC, which specialized in spinoffs from major corporations such as Motorola Inc., Lockheed Martin Corp., and IBM. He holds a Bachelor of Arts degree from Muskingum College, a Master of Science degree from Stanford Graduate School of Business, and a doctorate from Cornell Law School. He is an Executive-in-Residence at the Fuqua School of Business at Duke University and also serves its board of visitors. He has also recently been asked to advise Japan’s Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry on IP matters. He was elected to the initial class of the Intellectual Property Hall of Fame, in 2006.

Dr. Jerry G. Thursby
Georgia Institute of Technology

Jerry G. Thursby (Ph.D., Economics, University of North Carolina, 1975) is a member of the strategic management faculty of Georgia Institute of Technology and holds the Ernest Scheller, Jr. Chair in Innovation, Entrepreneurship, and Commercialization. Prior to joining Georgia Tech in 2007, Professor Thursby was the Goodrich C. White Professor of Economics and Chair, Department of Economics, at Emory University. He has also held faculty appointments with Syracuse University, Ohio State University, and Purdue University. Dr. Thursby has published extensively in the areas of econometrics, international trade, and the commercialization of early stage technologies with a particular interest in the role of university science in national innovation systems. His work has appeared in such outlets as American Economic Review, Journal of the American Statistical Association, Review of Economics and Statistics, Quarterly Journal of Economics, Research Policy, Management Science and Science. Dr. Thursby currently serves on the editorial board of The Journal of Technology Transfer and is an associate editor of The Journal of Productivity Analysis.

Mr. Craig A. Alexander
Howard Hughes Medical Institute

Craig A. Alexander is vice president and general counsel at Howard Hughes Medical Institute. As Head of HHMI’s legal office, he oversees a staff of attorneys who attend to all of the Institute’s legal affairs, including matters directly related to HHMI’s scientific endeavors, intellectual property, the transfer of scienctific materials, and scientific collaborations. Promoted to his current position in January 2006, Mr. Alexander had served as HHMI’s deputy general counsel since 1994. Mr. Alexander joined HHMI as an associate general counsel in 1992 from the Indianapolis law firm of Sommer & Barnard, P.C. Before that, he handled many matters involving HHMI while an associate in the Washinton, D.C. offfice, office of Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Carrison. A magna cum laude graduate of the Georgetown University Law Center, where he was editor of the law journal, Mr. Alexander received a bachelor’s degree in accounting from Butler University in Indianapolis. He is also a certified public accountant. A member of the tax, science, and technology sections of the American Bar Association, Mr. Alexander is also a member of the National Association of College and University Attorneys

Ms. Margo A. Bagley
University of Virginia

Margo A. Bagley teaches courses on patent law, international and comparative patent law, intellectual property, fundamentals of innovation, and contracts at the University of Virginia, Charlottesville. After receiving a Bachelor of Science degree in chemical engineering in 1986 from the University of Wisconsin-Madison, Bagley worked in products research and development with the Procter & Gamble Company, where she was named Product Development Excellence "Rookie of the Year" and was co-inventor on a U.S. patent for improved peanut butter. Later, she worked as a senior research analyst for the Coca-Cola Company. Through her corporate experience, Bagley developed an interest in the law of intellectual property. Ms. Bagley received her J.D. in 1996 from Emory, where she was a Robert W. Woodruff Fellow, an editor of the Emory Law Journal, and was elected to Order of the Coif. She is a member of the Georgia bar and is licensed to practice before the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Bagley worked as an associate with Smith, Gambrell & Russell and Finnegan, Henderson, Farabow, Garrett & Dunner before becoming an assistant professor of law at Emory University in 1999. She was a visiting professor of law at Washington & Lee University School of Law in fall 2001 and at the University of Virginia School of Law in fall 2005. She has also taught international patent law and policy courses in Germany, China, and Singapore. She joined the University of Virginia faculty in 2006.

Dr. Wendy H. Baldwin
The Population Council

Wendy H. Baldwin is the director of the program on Poverty, Gender, and Youth at the Population Council. Dr. Baldwin works with the Council's regional directors and professional staff on program development, identifying policies and programs to improve the future of young people. She also represents the Council to governments, donor agencies, and population and development organizations. Dr. Baldwin joined the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in 1973, where she served as chief of the Demographic and Behavioral Sciences branch at the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, and eventually as the deputy director. She ended her NIH tenure in 2003 in one of the most influential positions in American health research, deputy director for extramural research for the NIH, overseeing a program that represents more than 80 percent of the NIH budget, awarding nearly $20 billion in more than 40,000 awards annually. She has testified many times before Congress on topics from stem cells to adolescent pregnancy and has served on important committees of the National Academy of Sciences, the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and the Department of Health and Human Services. For the past 20 years she has worked with the World Health Organization, serving since 1988 as the chair and collaborating scientist of the Steering Committee on Behavioral and Social Science Research on Reproductive Health.

Dr. Alan B. Bennett
University of California, Davis

Alan B. Bennett is executive director of the Pubic Intellectual Property Resource for Agriculture (PIPRA). PIPRA supports agricultural innovation for both humanitarian and small-scale commercial purposes. Dr. Bennett received his B.S. degree at the University of California, Davis in 1977 and Ph.D. at Cornell University in 1982, both in the field of plant biology. He joined the UC Davis faculty in 1983 where his research in plant molecular genetics has focused on cell wall disassembly and fruit development. Dr. Bennett served as Department Chair between 1990-1993 and Associate Dean of the College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences from 1993-1999. He served as the Executive Director of the University of California Systemwide Office of Technology Transfer and Research Administration from 2000-2004, where he was responsible for intellectual property management in the University of California system.

Dr. Wesley Marc Cohen
Duke University

Wesley Marc Cohen is professor of economics and management at Duke University. After a year as Research Fellow in Industrial Organization at the Harvard Business School and twenty years teaching in Carnegie Mellon University’s Department of Social and Decision Sciences, Wesley Cohen (Ph.D., Economics, Yale University, 1981) joined the faculty of the Fuqua School of Business, Duke University, as Professor of Economics and Management in September 2002 and was named the Frederick C. Joerg Distinguished Professor of Business Administration in April, 2004. He also holds secondary appointments in Duke’s Department of Economics and School of Law, and is a Research Associate of the National Bureau of Economic Research. Professor Cohen also serves as the Faculty Director of the Fuqua School’s newly established Center for Entrepreneurship and Innovation. With a research focus on the economics of technological change and R&D, Professor Cohen has examined the determinants of innovative activity and performance both within and across industries, considering the roles of firm size, market structure, firm learning, knowledge flows, university research and the means that firms use to protect their intellectual property. In recent years, much of his work has focused on the economics and management of intellectual property. He has published in numerous scholarly journals, including the American Economic Review, the Economic Journal, Science, The Review of Economics and Statistics, the Journal of Industrial Economics, the Administrative Science Quarterly, Management Science, Research Policy and the Strategic Management Journal. He also co-edited the recently published volume, Patents in the Knowledge-Based Economy. He served for five years as a Main Editor for Research Policy and recently served on the National Academies’ Committee on Intellectual Property Rights in the Knowledge-Based Economy, and on the National Academies' Panel on Research and Development Statistics at the National Science Foundation. He has taught courses on the economics of technological change, industrial organization economics, policy analysis, organizational behavior, corporate strategy, entrepreneurship and the management of intellectual capital.

Dr. Robert M. Cook-Deegan
Duke University

Robert Cook-Deegan has been the Director of Duke Unversity’s Center for Genome Ethics, Law & Policy in the Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy since July, 2002. Prior to coming to Duke, he was director of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Health Policy Fellowship program at the Institute of Medicine (IOM). Dr. Cook-Deegan was a Cecil and Ida Green Fellow at the University of Texas, Dallas, following his work in the report Allocating Federal Funds for Science and Technology (the "Press Report"). From 1991 through 1994, he directed IOM' s Division of Biobehavioral Sciences and Mental Disorders (since renamed Neuroscience and Behavioral Health). He worked for the National Center for Human Genome Research 1989-1990, after serving Acting Executive Director of the Biomedical Ethics Advisory Committee of the U.S. Congress 1988-1989. He is the author of The Gene Wars: Science, Politics, and the Human Genome (New York: Norton, 1994; paperback 1996; tr. Korean 1995, Japanese 1996) Dr. Cook-Deegan was a congressional science fellow in 1982 and spent five years at the congressional Office of Technology Assessment. Dr. Cook-Deegan did two years of postdoctoral research on the molecular biology of oncogenes with Lasker Award scientist Raymond L. Erikson, after completing his internship in pathology at the University of Colorado 1979-1982. He received his bachelor' s degree in chemistry, magna cum laude, in 1975 from Harvard College, and his MD degree from the University of Colorado in 1979. He chairs the Royalty Fund Advisory Committee for the Alzheimer' s Association and the external advisory board of a three-site project on genetic testing for Alzheimer' s susceptibility. He is Secretary and Trustee of the Foundation for Genetic Medicine. Dr. Cook-Deegan was a member of the Board of Directors, Physicians for Human Rights, 1988-1996, with whom he participated in human rights missions to Turkey, Iraq and Panama.

Dr. Mark S. Kamlet
Carnegie Mellon University

Mark S. Kamlet is provost and professor of economics and public policy at Carnegie Mellon University. Dr. Kamlet joined Carnegie Mellon's central administrative team after eight-year tenure as dean of the H. John Heinz III School of Public Policy and Management. Dr. Kamlet became a member of the faculty in 1976 and was named a professor in 1989 with a joint appointment in the Heinz School and the College of Humanities and Social Sciences (H&SS). Before becoming dean of the Heinz School in 1993, Dr. Kamlet was associate dean of H&SS and head of its Department of Social and Decision Sciences. Dr. Kamlet served on a U.S. Public Health Service panel to produce national guidelines on applying cost-effectiveness analysis in health care and on three National Institute of Health (NIH) consensus panels to make recommendations on national policies relating to prenatal genetic testing, neonatal screening, and end of life care. He serves on the Institute of Medicine's Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Board, and the Institute’s Committee on Poison Prevention and Control. He was recently appointed by the director of NIH to be a member of the Public Access Working Group, which will monitor the impact of open access to results of NIH-funded research. He also has served as chairman of the board of Carnegie Learning and iCarnegie. Dr. Kamlet was instrumental in drafting rules and procedures for the Allegheny County Executive and County Council, and led the county's transition team in the area of information technology. He received his bachelor's degree in mathematics from Stanford University in 1974. Kamlet earned master's degrees in economics (1976) and statistics (1977) and a Ph.D. in economics (1980) from the University of California at Berkeley.

Mr. Greg Kisor
Intellectual Ventures

Greg Kisor is vice president and portfolio architect at Intellectual Ventures where he focuses on a variety of projects relating to intellectual property and invention. Prior to joining Intellectual Ventures, Mr. Kisor spent 10 years at Intel Corporation where he held numerous jobs including Principal Engineer & Chief Patent Technologist. As Chief Patent Technologist he was responsible for IP strategy, portfolio developments and license negotiations. Prior to his role as Patent Technologist at Intel Mr. Kisor was the Lead architect for many of Intel’s products, including Video & Data Conferencing, Java Implementations, and Digital Video Strategy. Mr. Kisor was Chairman of the United States JPEG Committee and has held many high positions in International Standards, including Head of delegation to ISO/IEC JTC1 SC29 Image Compression Standards. Mr. Kisor also has held engineering and lead architect positions at National Semiconductor and IBM. Mr. Kisor currently holds 15 patents with many more pending and received his B.S.E.E. from the Brigham Young University in 1988.

Dr. David Korn
Association of American Medical Colleges

David Korn (IOM) is senior vice president for boiomedical and health sciences research at the Association of American Medical Colleges in Washington, D.C., a position he assumed on September 1, 1997. Dr. Korn served as Carl and Elizabeth Naumann Professor and Dean of the Stanford University School of Medicine from October 1984 to April 1995, and as Vice President of Stanford University from January 1986 to April 1995. Before that he had served as Professor and Chairman of the Department of Pathology at Stanford, and Chief of the Pathology Service at the Stanford University Hospital, since June 1968. Dr. Korn has been Chairman of the Stanford University Committee on Research; President of the American Association of Pathologists (now the American Society for Investigative Pathology. Dr. Korn was a founder and Chairman of the Board of Directors of the California Transplant Donor Network, one of the nation's largest Organ Procurement Organizations. He is a member of the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences, and a founder of the Clinical Research Roundtable. Dr. Korn served on the Boards of Directors of the Stanford University Hospital from October 1982 to April 1995, the Children's Hospital at Stanford from October 1984 to its closure, and the Lucile Salter Packard Children's Hospital at Stanford from October 1984 to April 1995. He was a member of the Board of Directors of the California Society of Pathologists from 1983-86. He has been a member of the National Academies’ committee on Science, Technoloyg, and Law since its inception.

Ms. Katharine Ku
Stanford University

Katharine Ku is Director of the Office of Technology Licensing (OTL) at Stanford University. OTL is responsible for the licensing of various state-of-the-art university technologies as well as industry-sponsored research agreements and collaborations. In fiscal year 2003-2004, OTL received $49.5 million from the licensing of over 435 different technologies. Ms. Ku has a B.S. in chemical engineering (Cornell University), an M.S. in chemical engineering (Washington University), and is a registered patent agent.

Edward D. Lazowska
University of Washington

Edward D. Lazowska is the Bill & Melinda Gates Chair in Computer Science & Engineering, University of Washington in Seattle. Dr. Lazowska received his A.B. from Brown University in 1972 and his Ph.D. from the University of Toronto in 1977, when he joined the University of Washington faculty. Dr. Lazowska's research and teaching concern the design, implementation, and analysis of high-performance computing and communication systems. For the first ten years of his career, Lazowska's principal focus was computer system performance: the development of effective performance evaluation techniques, and the use of these techniques to gain insight about significant computer systems and computer system design issues. Lazowska then turned his attention to the design and implementation of distributed and parallel computer systems - work that yielded a number of widely-embraced approaches to kernel and system design in areas such as thread management, high-performance local and remote communication, load sharing, cluster computing, and the effective use of the underlying architecture by the operating system. Current research includes information technology to support sustainable rural development, data architecture for the Ocean Observatories Initiative, control theory applied to computer system management, and support of the GENI initiative. Twenty Ph.D. students and 23 M.S. students have completed degrees working with him.

Ms. Dorothy K. Robinson
Yale University

Dorothy K. Robinson is vice president and general counsel at Yale University where she has served as Yale's general counsel since 1986 and as an officer of the University for almost as long. In addition to serving as Yale’s chief legal counsel, she also has general oversight of university federal relations. Ms. Robinson is a graduate of Swarthmore College and earned her law degree at the University of California School of Law (Boalt Hall). She is a member of the bar of Connecticut, New York, and California, as well as various federal courts. Before coming to Yale in 1978, Ms. Robinson practiced law with the firm of Hughes Hubbard and Reed in New York City. She served as Associate General Counsel at Yale until being named Deputy General Counsel in 1984 and Director of Federal Relations the following year. Ms. Robinson has served on the boards of various national higher-education-related organizations and on committees and task forces of those organizations.

Dr. N. Darius Sankey
Zone Ventures

N. Darius Sankey is a Managing Director at Zone Ventures, a seed to early stage venture capital firm based in Los Angeles. Dr. Sankey has led the Zone Ventures technology assessment efforts and overseen its portfolio investments for over eight years, serving as a board member for several companies including Siimpel Corporation, Lumexis, Inc. and Microfabrica and Neven Vision (acquired by Google). He has led several transactions in the micro electronics, wireless telecommunications, media & entertainment, and business & consumer software sectors. Dr. Sankey has a strong interest in strategizing market applications for basic science research on the university level. This interest has also led him to a position as adjunct professor in the Marshall School of Business at the University of Southern California. Before his tenure at Zone Ventures, Dr. Sankey worked as a management consultant at McKinsey & Company, Inc. and held strategic planning, consulting, and R&D positions at RAND and AT&T Bell Laboratories. Dr. Sankey holds a B.S. in Physics and Electrical Engineering from MIT and a Ph.D. in Optical Engineering from the Institute of Optics, University of Rochester.

Dr. Jennifer L. West
Rice University

Jennifer L. West is the Isabel C. Cameron Professor of Bioengineering, professor of chemical and biomolecular engineering, and director of the Institute of Biosciences and Bioengineering at Rice University. In the field of tissue engineering, Dr. West's research involves the development of bioengineered arteries that can be used to combat heart disease and problems that arise after angioplasty, the balloon procedure used to open clogged arteries. Dr. West has developed biodegradable scaffolding materials on which genetically engineered cells can grow. Additionally, she's developing polymer materials that can be coated on the arteries and that release nitric oxide, a key chemical that reduces clotting and assists in the healing process. Another area of her work involves biomedical applications of nanoshells, ultrasmall metallic spheres that are engineered with special optical properties. Dr. West, in collaboration with nanoshell creator Naomi Halas, is exploring several biomedical applications for nanoshells, including cancer therapy, drug delivery and medical testing. West received a B.S. in chemical engineering from Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in biomedical engineering at the University of Texas at Austin.